Mood Disorder

Mood can be defined as a pervasive and sustained emotion or feeling tone that influences a person’s behavior and colors his or her perception of being in the world. Disorders of mood—sometimes called affective disorders—make up an important category of psychiatric illness consisting of depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and other disorders, which are discussed in this section and in the section that follows.

Insomnia

Insomnia is a persistent disorder that can make it hard to fall asleep, hard to stay asleep or both, despite the opportunity for adequate sleep. Many adults experience insomnia at some point, but some people have long-term (chronic) insomnia. Insomnia may be the primary problem, or it may be secondary due to other causes, such as a disease or medication.

Kleptomania

The essential feature of kleptomania is a recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects not needed for personal use or for monetary value. The objects taken are often given away, returned surreptitiously, or kept and hidden. Persons with kleptomania usually have the money to pay for the objects they impulsively steal.

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Body dysmorphic disorder is characterized by a preoccupation with an imagined defect in appearance that causes clinically significant distress or impairment in important areas of functioning. If a slight physical anomaly is actually present, the person’s concern with the anomaly is excessive and bothersome.

Schizophrenia Spectrum

The section on schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders includes eight specific disorders (schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaefective disorder, delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, substance/medication induced psychotic disorder, psychotic disorder due to another medical condition, and catatonia)

Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Obsessions are repeated thoughts, urges, or mental images that cause anxiety, while Compulsions are repetitive behaviors that a person with OCD feels the urge to do in response to an obsessive thought.

There are eight categories of disorders listed in this section, all of which have associated obsessions (repeated thoughts) or compulsions (repeated activities).

Gangguan Anxietas

Anxiety Disorders

The section on anxiety disorders includes nine specific disorders (panic disorder, agoraphobia, specic phobia, social anxiety disorder or social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, anxiety disorder caused by a general medical condition, and substance-induced anxiety disorder) in which anxious symptoms are a prominent feature of the clinical picture. Because separation anxiety disorder and selective